It was the last day of final examination in an Eastern university. On the steps of one building, a group of engineering seniors gathered together, discussing the exam that was going to begin in a few minutes. On their faces was confidence. This was their last exam — then on to commencement and jobs.

    Some talked of jobs they already had; others of jobs they would get. With all this assurance of four years of college, they felt ready and able to conquer the world.

    The approaching exam, they knew, would be very easy. The professor had said they could bring any books or notes they wanted, requesting only that they did not talk to each other during the test.

    Happily they filed into the classroom. The professor passed out the papers. And smiles broadened as the students noted there were only five essay-type questions.

    Three hours passed. Then the professor began to collect the papers. The students no longer looked confident. On their faces was a frightened expression. No one spoke as the professor faced the class with papers in his hand.

    He surveyed the worried faces before him, then asked: "How many completed all five questions?"

    Not a hand was raised.

    "How many answered four?"

    Still no hands.

    "Three? Two?"

    The students shifted restlessly in their seats.

    "One, then? Certainly somebody finished one."

    But the class remained silent. The professor put down the papers. "That is exactly what I expected," he said.

    "I just want to impress upon you that, even though you have completed four years of engineering, there are still many things about the subject you don't know. These questions you could not answer are relatively common in everyday practice." Then, smiling, he added: "You will all pass this course, but remember?— even though you are now college graduates, your education has just begun."

    The years have obscured the name of this professor, but not the lesson he taught.

    file into 鱼贯而入，排成纵队前进

    impress upon 铭刻，使铭记

    no longer 不再

    pass sth out 分发

    even though 即使，尽管

    talk of 谈论,议论

    put down 记下, 放下

    1．本文来自http://article.pchome.net/content-41662.html。

    2．On their faces was confidence. 脸上写满了微笑。本句是倒装句，正常语序应该是：Confidence was on their faces. 第5段中还有另外一个例子："On their faces was a frightened expression."

    3．Some talked of jobs they already had; others of jobs they would get. 他们中有些在谈论已找好的工作，有些谈论着要找的工作。本句为并列句：Some talk of…, others…, 其中，they already had 和they would get 为省略关系代词that的定语从句，其先行词为jobs. others 所在的句子为省略句，完整句子为: others talked of jobs they would get

    talk of / talk about

    eg．He talked of going abroad at his birthday party. 他在他的生日聚会上谈到了出国。

    We were just talking of the matter before you came in. 我们正在谈这件事, 你就走了进来。

    表达汉语中"一些……，一些，另一些……，还有另一些"意义时，应用英语中的some …, others…, still others… yet others…结构. 如：

    On weekends, college students have various kinds of activities. Some go to their part-time jobs; others to cinemas; still others to the gymnasium to exercise themselves; and yet others to supermarkets to go shopping.大学生周末有各种各样的活动。有的去做兼职，有的去电影院，有的去体育馆锻炼， 还有的去超市购物。

    4．The professor had said they could bring any books or notes they wanted, requesting only that they didn't talk to each other during the test.

    本句主干结构为：The professor had said…said 后的句子为其表宾语从句，其中they wanted为定语从句，其先行词为any books or notes. Requesting…test为现在分词。

    5．On their faces was a frightened expression.带 -ed 的词表示人的感受，带 -ing 的词表示物的性质和状态。类似的还有：

    interested / interesting （感兴趣的／有趣的）；

    excited／exciting （兴奋的／令人兴奋的）；

    surprised／surprising （感到惊奇的／使人惊奇的）等

    6．No one spoke as the professor faced the class with the papers in her hand.当老师手持试卷面对着全班同学时，没有一个人说话。

    本句为主从复合句，as 引导时间状语从句。其中with the papers in her hand为独立主格结构，表示伴随状况，如：

    The teacher entered the classroom with some books under her arm.

    7．But the class remained silent.教室里仍旧是鸦雀无声。

    remain 为系动词，表示"仍然"，其后要跟形容词作表语。英语中常用系动词为：look (看上去)，appear (看上去，似乎)，seem (似乎)，get, come, turn, grow, run都可以表示"变得"；taste (尝起来), smell (闻起来)，sound（听起来）等。

    8．I just want to impress upon you that, even though you have completed four years, there are still many things about the subject you don't know. 我只是让你们牢记，尽管你们已经完成了四年的学习，但还有许多你们不知道的东西。

    本句主干为：I just want to impress upon you that,….that 从句为impress的宾语从句，而其中又包含一个主从复合句，even though引导让步状语从句。You don't know为定于从句，其先行词为things.

    I．Decide whether the statements are true（T）or false（F）according to the passage.

    1．The students were going to take their last exam at college.

    2．The students were quite sure of their exam and got ready for it.

    3．The exam turned out to be easy and they could answer all questions.

    4．The professor was surprised to see the result.

    5．The students still remember their professor's name.

    

    II．Vocabulary and Structure

    Section A:

    Fill in the blanks with the words given below, changing the form when necessary.

    

    1．His eyes _______ to the telephone.

    2．When will scientist _______ cancer?

    3．Your encouragement made me more ________ of my future.

    4．My father _______ me with the importance of hard work.

    5．You should ______ your experience by travelling more.

    6．The path grew more ________ in the fading light.

    7．He is a _______ in medicine.

    8．From the top of the hill you can ______ the whole city.

    9．It is now quite _______ for women to become managers.

    10．Her boyfriend is her _______ by six years.

    Section B. Substitution

    Directions: Rewrite the sentences with the words or phrases given in brackets.

    1．When will the work be finished? (complete)

    2．I don't work here any more. (no longer)

    3．The teacher gave out the examination papers. (pass out)

    4．I went shopping in spite of the rain. (even though)

    5．The exam was comparatively easy. (relatively)

    Section C.

    Directions: Choose the one that best completes the sentence.

    1．The little girl was _________ that her mother wouldn't come back.

    a. frighten b. frightening c. frightened d. to frighten

    2．The young man came into the classroom _______ flowers in his hand.

    a. of b. with c. in d. to

    3．________ that knife before you hurt somebody!

    a. Put down b. Put off c. Put on d. Put out

    4．In front of the booking office stood hundreds of football fans, _________ to get a ticket.

    a. expecting b. expected c. to expect d. being expected

    5．He is not a child _____________.

    a. no more b. no longer c. any much d. any more

    6．The years ______ the appearance of my grandmother.

    A. obscured B. forgot C. remembered D. passed

    7．I usually feel ______ if I'm interested in it.

    A. sad B. sorry C. confident D. worried

    8．Lynn decided to _______ the presents at the beginning of the party.

    A. give B. pass out C. pass D. take

    9．Men ______ killing time, while time quietly kill them.

    A. talk to B. talk with C. talk of D talk

    10．Spring _________ warm weather and flowers.

    A. takes B. brings c. comes D. goes

    III. Cloze

    Fire can help people in many ways. Fire can heat water，（1）____ your house，give light and cook food. But fire can burn things too. Nobody knows（2）____ people began to use fire. One story from Australia tells about a man a very long time ago. He（3）____ the sun by a rope and brought fire down.

    Today people know how to（4）____ a fire with matches. Children sometimes like to play with them. But matches can be very （5）____.

    Fire kills people every year. So you must be careful（6）____ matches. You should also learn to（7）____ fires. Fires need oxygen. Without oxygen they die. There is（8）____ in the air. Cover a fire with water，sand，or（9）____， with your coat or a blanket. This keeps the air from a fire and kills it.

    Be careful with fire，and it will help you. Be careless with fire，and it might（10）____ you.

    1．A. brighten B. warm C. beautify D. lighten

    2．A. where B. when C. what D. how

    3．A. watched B. got up to C. went up to D. discovered

    4．A. set B. make C. cause D. catch

    5．A. dangerous B. bright C. unusual D. common

    6．A. about B. to C. On D. after

    7．A. lay out B. put out C. put away D. do away with

    8．A. fire B. moisture C. oxygen D. substance

    9．A. in general B. in particular C. in a hurry D. in an emergency

    10．A. injure B. hurt C. destroy D. spoil

    

    IV. Translate

    Section A. Translate the following into English

    1．自从有手机后，他们就再没有互相写过信了。（no longer）

    2．即使你不喜欢这工作，你也得做。（even though）

    3．她充分自信自己能成功。（confidence）

    4．她终生贫穷。（remain）

    5．请出示公共汽车月票。（show）

    Section B. Translate the following into Chinese

    1．We are confident that we can overcome the difficulties.

    2．I'm deeply impressed by the students' ability to surf the Internet.

    3．The Spring Festival is coming nearer and nearer.

    4．The journey was not as nice as we had expected.

    5．She raised her finger to her lips as a sign for silence.

    词类与句子成分

    英语中所有的词汇可以分为十大类,每类词汇在句子中都有其特定的位置和作用,因此分清每一个单词的词类对于学好英语具有非常关键的意义。

    在上面的十种词类中，名词，数词，代词，动词，形容词，副词这六种词属于实词，即可以在句子中独立充当一种成分，并具有实际的意义。名词，数词，代词可以做主语和宾语；动词可以在主语中做谓语；形容词可以做定语，表语；副词可以做状语；冠词，介词，连词，感叹词这四种词类属于虚词，不能在句子中独立充当任何句子成分。

    组成句子的各个部分叫句子成分。英语句子成分有主语，谓语，表语，宾语，宾语补足语，定语，状语等。

    顺序一般是主语，谓语，宾语，宾语补足语，而表语，定语，状语的位置要根据情况而定。

    注：

    有些及物动词可以带两个宾语，往往一个指人，一个指物，指人的叫间接宾语，指物的叫直接宾语。

    有些及物动词的宾语后面还需要有一个补足语，意思才完整，宾语和它的补足语构成复合宾语。

    Exercises for Grammar

    I．Choose the one that best completes the sentence.

    1．I have views quite different from my ________.

    A. teacher view B. teacher C. teacher' D. teacher's

    2．Sorry, I don't know he is a friend of ________.

    A. your brother 　　B. your brothers　

    C. your brother's friend 　　D. your brother's

    3．We are next-door _______.

    A. neighborhoods B. neighbor C. neighborhood D. neighbors

    4．China is a wonderful place and there is _______ to see and enjoy.

    A. a lot of B. many C. much D. many more

    5．Would you like some more coffee? There's still ______ left.

    A. a little B. little C. a few D. few

    6．His words are ________ but the meaning is deep.

    A. few B. a few C. little D. a little

    7．England is an island country. ________ consists of three principal islands, and ________ climate is generally mild.

    A. It … its B. She … her C. He … his D. She … its

    8．I earn 10 dollars ______ hour as ______ supermarket cashier on Saturdays.

    A. a… an B. the… a

    C. an… a D. an… the

    9．A pair of spectacles ________ what I need at the moment.

    A. is B. are C. has D. have

    10．The morale (士气)of the officers and crew _______ very high.

    A. were B. was C. have to be D. have been

    11．Do you want to wait?

    - Five days ________ too long for me to wait.

    A. was B. were C. is D. are

    12．Every means _______ been tried to solve the difficult problem.

    A. have B. has C. is 　　D. are

    13．Measles ________ a long time to get over.

    A. spend B. spends C. take D. takes

    14．Mr. Clinton, together with his wife and children, __________ going to the park next weekend.

    A. is B. has C. are 　　　D. was

    15．There ________ a book and some magazines on the desk.

    A. is B. are C. have D. has